cmake 简介 - Something TO DO
cmake 简介
转载自：http://tzc.is-programmer.com/show/476.html
CMake是一个跨平台的安装(编译)工具,可以用简单的语句来描述所有平台的安装(编译过程)。他能够输出各种各样的makefile或者project文件,能测试编译器所支持的C++特性,类似UNIX下的automake。
CMake 使用方法
CMake的所有的语句都写在一个叫:CMakeLists.txt的文件中。当CMakeLists.txt文件确定后,可以用ccmake命令对相关 的变量值进行配置。这个命令必须指向CMakeLists.txt所在的目录。配置完成之后,应用cmake命令生成相应的makefile（在Unix like系统下）或者 project文件（指定用window下的相应编程工具编译时）。
其基本操作流程为：
-
$> ccmake directory
-
$> cmake directory
-
$> make
其中directory为CMakeList.txt所在目录；
- 第一条语句用于配置编译选项，如VTK_DIR目录 ，一般这一步不需要配置，直接执行第二条语句即可，但当出现错误时，这里就需要认为配置了，这一步才真正派上用场；
- 第二条命令用于根据CMakeLists.txt生成Makefile文件；
- 第三条命令用于执行Makefile文件，编译程序，生成可执行文件；
CMake的执行就是这么简单，其难点在于如何编写CMakeLists.txt文件，下面结合例子简单介绍CMakeLists.txt的编写，看下面这个CMakeLists.txt
-
#project name
-
PROJECT(test_math)
-
#head file path
-
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(
-
include
-
)
-
#source directory
-
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(src DIR_SRCS)
-
#set environment variable
-
SET(TEST_MATH
-
${DIR_SRCS}
-
)
-
#set extern libraries
-
SET(LIBRARIES
-
libm.so
-
)
-
#add executable file
-
ADD_EXECUTABLE(../bin/bin ${TEST_MATH})
-
#add link library
-
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(../bin/bin ${LIBRARIES})
-
或者用下面这个CMakeLists.txt
-
#project name
-
PROJECT(test_math)
-
#head file path
-
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(
-
include
-
)
-
#source directory
-
AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(src DIR_SRCS)
-
#set environment variable
-
SET(TEST_MATH
-
${DIR_SRCS}
-
)
-
#add executable file
-
ADD_EXECUTABLE(../bin/bin ${TEST_MATH})
-
#add link library
-
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(../bin/bin m)
这是一个测试数学函数的程序的CMakeLists.txt，"#"后面为注释的内容，CMake的命令全部为大写
第2行指定生成的工程名为test_math
第4行指定头文件目录为include
第8行指定源文件目录为src，并将其赋值给环境变量DIR_SRCS
第10行设定环境变量TEST_MATH的值为环境变量DIR_SRCS的值，此处用于显示如何用环境变量对环境变量进行赋值
第14行将数学函数库赋值给环境变量LIBRARIES，当然，可以不用这个环境变量，而在后面直接使用该库名
第18行用于指定生成文件，将环境变量TEST_MATH目录下的所有文件编译生成../bin目录下的可执行文件bin
第20行指定../bin/bin执行时的链接库为环境变量LIBRARIES的值－libm.so
下面给出源文件
/src/main.c:
-
#include<stdio.h>
-
#include"../include/a.h"
-
int main()
-
{
-
double b=25.0;
-
double a=0.0;
-
a=get_sqrt(b);
-
-
return 0;
-
}
-
/src/a.c
-
#include"../include/a.h"
-
double get_sqrt(double var1)
-
{
-
return sqrt(var1);
-
}
-
/include/a.h
#ifndef A_FILE_HEADER_INC
-
#define A_FILE_HEADER_INC
-
#include<math.h>
-
-
double get_sqrt(double var1);
-
-
#endif
将CMakeLists.txt放在当前目录下，执行CMakeLists.txt
-
$> cmake .
-
$> make
即可生成可执行文件，在目录/bin下的bin文件，好了运行看其效果是否和所想一样。
2022年8月18日 12:47
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2024年1月09日 14:14
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